Dr. Samer Gamil Mattar

Revolutionizing Bariatric Surgery

Obesity remains a global epidemic, impacting millions of lives and posing significant health risks. In recent years, bariatric surgery and weight-loss treatments have evolved dramatically, integrating cutting-edge surgical techniques, advanced medications, and a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach to patient care. In this exclusive interview with “Hospitals” Magazine, Dr. Samer Gamil Mattar, Professor and Chief of the Division of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, discussed the latest innovations in the field, the impact of GLP-1 medications, and the future role of AI in personalized obesity treatment. With decades of experience, Dr. Mattar shares insights on how modern bariatric surgery has transformed into a safe, effective, and lifelong solution for patients seeking better health and improved quality of life.

As a professor and chief of metabolic and bariatric surgery, what are your key responsibilities?

My role focuses on ensuring high-quality patient care, expanding access to our services, and continuously improving outcomes.

This includes reaching out to the community, building relationships with referring providers, and tracking patient data to optimize treatments. We also integrate medical weight-loss therapies, which have become a key component of obesity management.

What are the biggest advancements in bariatric surgery over the past decade?

The most important shift has been adopting a multidisciplinary approach. Previously, surgery was a standalone procedure, but now we understand that lifelong support is crucial.

Our team includes dietitians, psychologists, and exercise specialists, ensuring comprehensive patient care. We’ve also refined surgical techniques to reduce complications and improve recovery.

Additionally, weight-loss medications have played a major role in optimizing patient results.

What are the main challenges in tackling obesity?

Despite being a recognized epidemic, obesity still faces misconceptions and stigma.

Many people blame themselves, believing it’s solely a lifestyle issue, which prevents them from seeking treatment. In reality, obesity is multifactorial—genetics, metabolism, and environmental factors all play a role.

Processed foods and changing dietary habits have also contributed to rising obesity rates worldwide.

The Weight Loss Metabolic Center at Baylor St. Luke’s is known for its advanced care. What is your approach?

We follow a patient-centered approach, often referred to as the “white glove treatment.” Every patient is assigned a navigator to guide them through their journey, ensuring they receive the right care at every stage.

More importantly, we emphasize that obesity is a medical condition, not a personal failure. We treat it like any other disease, providing compassionate and bias-free care.

How do modern bariatric surgery outcomes compare to past approaches?

In the past, bariatric surgery had a higher risk of complications, and patients often lacked long-term follow-up. Today, it is as safe as natural childbirth and even safer than gallbladder surgery. Previously, patients were left to manage on their own, leading to nutritional deficiencies and weight regain. Now, we focus on extensive preoperative education and lifelong follow-ups, significantly improving long-term success.

What are the latest surgical techniques being used?

We now perform 100% laparoscopic procedures and rely heavily on robotic-assisted surgery, which enhances precision and reduces recovery time. A key advancement is the Single Anastomosis Duodenal Ileostomy (SADI), a procedure designed to maximize weight loss while preserving nutrition. We are also exploring endoscopic treatments and magnetic technology, which offer less invasive alternatives for weight loss.

Is robotic-assisted surgery the future of bariatrics?

It is already the present. Robotic-assisted surgery has become the standard of care, and the future lies in minimally invasive and endoscopic innovations.

What are the health benefits of bariatric surgery beyond weight loss?

Bariatric surgery resets metabolism, reducing hunger and improving overall health. Patients often experience:

• Diabetes remission – Many stop using insulin.
• Blood pressure and cholesterol improvement – Reducing cardiovascular risks.
• Sleep apnea resolution – Many no longer need CPAP machines.
• Joint pain relief – Less strain and inflammation.
• Psychological benefits – Increased energy, confidence, and mental well-being.

Interestingly, many female patients receive job promotions or salary increases within a year post-surgery, highlighting how appearance influences workplace opportunities.

How do you determine if a patient is a good candidate for bariatric surgery?

Patients need to be motivated and meet specific BMI criteria. Previously, BMI requirements were 40+ or 35+ with health conditions like diabetes. However, new guidelines lower the BMI threshold, allowing more patients to qualify.

Before surgery, we ensure patients are medically optimized and fully educated on postoperative lifestyle changes.

The Role of GLP-1 Medications in Weight Loss What are your thoughts on GLP-1 receptor agonists?

These drugs are among the most significant medical advancements of the century. We discovered that bariatric surgery naturally boosts GLP-1 levels, reducing hunger and improving metabolism. Pharmaceutical companies have now replicated this effect with injectable weight-loss medications.

However, the key difference is sustainability. Surgery provides a lifetime effect, while medications require ongoing use. Many patients struggle with side effects or the high cost of these drugs, making surgery a more practical solution for long-term success.

Will GLP-1 medications replace bariatric surgery?

No. Surgery remains the superior option for significant weight loss. However, medications work well for patients with moderate weight concerns and can be used before and after surgery as part of a comprehensive plan.

Should patients stop GLP-1 medications before surgery?

Previously, we required patients to stop them two weeks before surgery to prevent aspiration risks. However, new guidelines suggest discontinuation is no longer necessary.

The Future of Bariatric Surgery AND AI

How do you see AI and digital health transforming bariatric surgery?

AI will be a game-changer. Even with 25 years of experience, I sometimes struggle to determine the best surgical approach for each patient. AI will analyze millions of patient cases and provide personalized recommendations for:

• The best procedure based on individual health factors.
• Expected weight loss outcomes and metabolic improvements.
• Long-term success rates for different approaches.
• This will make decision-making more precise and improve overall patient outcomes.

What’s next in non-surgical obesity treatments?

Future medications will be more powerful and better tolerated.

Pharma companies are using AI-driven drug development to minimize side effects while enhancing effectiveness. We are also exploring advanced endoscopic procedures and magnetic technologies, which could offer non-surgical solutions for weight loss.

Final Thoughts

What is your key message to patients struggling with obesity?

Obesity is not your fault. It is a medical condition that requires professional care.

With advancements in surgery, medications, and multidisciplinary support, there are more treatment options than ever.

If you are struggling with weight-related health issues, don’t hesitate to seek medical guidance—there is a solution tailored for you.